Robert Frosts Stopping By The Woods On A Snowy Evening Essays

Robert Frosts Stopping By The Woods On A Snowy Evening Contemplating Suicide Analyzing Robert Frost's Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening What is poetry? Poetry is a lyrical way of expressing emotion. It is language charged with meaning and framed to be heard for contemplation. Poetry is a pleasant sounding work; the emotions that drive the words fill poetry with deep meaning. The reader must analyze every word to get the full meaning of a poem. An excellent example of deeper meaning within a poem is Robert Frost's Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening. This poem is layered with different meanings; it requires the reader to contemplate Frost's emotions behind the words. Poems, much like pictures, are framed. A picture frame gives a definite border and look to a picture. One way in which a poem can be framed is the look of the poem; how many stanzas are in the poem, how many lines in the stanza, and how many feet are in a line are all examples of framing. Echo and rhyme are two other options an author can choose from when framing his or her work. Unlike fiction and other types of stories, poetry always needs to be heard or read aloud. Hearing poetry is one of the key ingredients in grasping what the poet is trying to convey. In Robert Frost's Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening, many different poetic devices can be heard. For instance, the whole poem has a consistent meter. Meter regulates the free-flowing, irregular rhythms of ordinary speech (Guth, Rico 477). Every two syllables are called a foot; Frost breaks every line into four feet. These happen to be iambic feet because the last syllable is the stressed syllable. Rhyme is another key element to poetry. Rhyme is defined as an echo effect produced when a poet repeats the same sounds at the end of the final syllables of two or more lines (Guth, Rico 475). The rhyme scheme is very interesting in this poem. The rhyme scheme seems very basic, but there is a second aspect that is critical. The basic rhyme scheme for the first three stanzas is AABA. The interesting twist to this poem's rhyme scheme is that the third line in each stanza rhymes with the first, second, and fourth lines of the next stanza throughout the poem; in the last stanza, all four lines rhyme. The most important element of poetry is the fact that it is charged with meaning. Normally poems are shorter than other works. This makes each word of a poem extremely significant. Every word has a key role in the deeper meaning of the poem. In the first stanza, we see a man stopping in the forest to watch it fill up with snow. Here, the woods in the poem symbolize death. The woods and death are both looked at as very cold miserable things. Frost is trying to convey, through the picture of cold and dreary woods, that the man is contemplating suicide. At this point in the man's life, getting lost and dying in the woods seems easier than facing all of his troubles. In the next stanza, his horse is pulling at the reins trying to get him to leave the cold woods. The horse is representing the side of him that wants to return and confront his troubles. In the following stanza, only serene thoughts are portrayed. Again, the man is pondering whether or not to stay in the deep and lonely woods. ?The woods are lovely, dark and deep ( 474. 13 ).? With this line, he is telling himself he would die in peace if he stayed within the depth of the silent woods. ?But I have promises to keep,/ And miles to go before I sleep,/ And miles to go before I sleep (474. 14-16).? These final lines remind the man that he has commitments to loved ones to support them; he can not abandon these people that he loves so much. These lines are repeated to warrant that continuing home is the fit thing for the man to do. This entire poem uses words that paint very vivid images of the peaceful woods and death. Without

Gay Rights

Gay Rights Free Online Research Papers Although homosexuals are gaining more rights each year, times are still difficult for them. Homosexuals everywhere are being discriminated and denied rights, especially minorities. Gay youth are finding it very hard to fit in at school. This is mostly because homosexuality is not accepted by most kids and families. Most are taught that being gay is wrong. Some are even told they will go to Hell if they commit homosexuality. 75% of students have no laws to protect them from being harassment and discrimination.† This makes it easier for students to get away with bullying homosexuals. â€Å"97% report hearing homophobic remarks from peers.† Simple remarks are made everyday. Some even take the word gay out of proportion (â€Å"11 Facts About Gay Rights†). The definition of gay means to be happy, but homosexuals, better known as gays, are not so happy these days. â€Å"a survey showed that more than 58% of them had been beaten up by their peers and feared they would never be able to complete their education.† They feared going to school, so most made up excuses to stay at home. Some even skipped school to avoid the problems. Some homosexuals even drop out of school and end up on the streets, homeless and alone. To support these types of students, the G.A.Y. youth program and special schools were created. The G.A.Y. youth program is a place for young homosexuals to go after school w hen they need someone to talk to who will understand. Project 10 was created by a teacher for a place for homosexuals to go to talk about their problems. Rev. Lou Sheldon said Project 10 was a homosexual recruitment program. He set up SHAPE: Stop Homosexual Advocacy In Public Education (Homosexuality: Opposing Viewpoints). â€Å"In New York they created the Hetrick-Martin Institute for lesbian and gay youth. It was created in 1979 after a boy was gang raped and kicked out or a shelter just for being gay† (Homosexuality: Opposing Viewpoints). Some people felt that the school was wrong. They said homosexuals and heterosexuals should not be separated. They need to learn to interact and used to being around one another. They felt that the school would just shelter them. Most believed the school was necessary. Most children who ended up at the institute had tried regular schools, but it just did not work out for them. Sadly, schools are not the only place young gay people are bein g mistreated. A lot of young homosexuals receive negativity toward their choice of homosexuality at home. â€Å"26% of gay teens who came out to their parents were told to leave home.† Some were even beaten or abused by their parents just because of their sexuality choice. A young boy who came out to his family was beaten very badly. He told hid brother first about him being gay and he just ran away and would not talk to him. When his father found out, he took him outside and threw him in the snow. He then continued to beat him in his head telling him, †I will stop if you stop being gay.† Once his father stopped, the boy ran away and lived his own life. He never communicated with his family again. Another girl was burned by her mother and told her she would burn in Hell if she did not change her ways. These two are not the only ones who get abused or thrown out for being gay. â€Å"Between 20% and 40% of the 1.6 million homeless American youth are gay.† A higher percentage of them were told to leave. Only a few of them left on their own(â€Å"11 Facts About Gay Rights†). â€Å"According to a 1989 report by the Department of Health and Human Services, gay and lesbian teens are two to three times more likely to kill themselves.† Most of these cases are because they are unaccepted by family of friends and feel there is no better way out than death. Some gays who did kill themselves, had their funerals protested. People showed up with signs and shouted, that they got what they deserve for going against God. At the time, police could not arrest anyone, just ask them to please leave. To help prevent this, more and more outreach programs and support groups are created each year (Andryszewski 12-13). Homosexuality is not any easier for adults. It actually gets harder. They are denied many rights as well. â€Å"There are 1,100 benefits denied gay couples in California alone.† For example, even though there is a shortage, gays are being denied when trying to donate blood. To some people this may not seem like a big deal, but that is simply because that is an everyday right to you. The denied rights only get worse, especially federal rights â€Å"Same sex couples cannot have a non-U.S. spouse become a citizen. They also cannot collect benefits upon death of a spouse of file jointly as a couple. This is a big issue when it comes to taxes or sharing money responsibilities, such as getting loans. Another problem is the â€Å"Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell† rule. Some soldiers are being kicked out of the army for being gay. Homosexuals are banned from the armed forces in Japan, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Brazil, Peru, and Turkey (Graff 29). The federal government has a lso limited homosexuality in media as well. â€Å"Gay couples are limited to holding hands and sharing meaningful looks on television. They cannot kiss one another or share sexual or loving remarks with one another† (â€Å"Gay Rights†). Viewers find it offensive to see homosexuals kissing or doing any of the above. If a guy-girl couple were to share a passionate kiss on screen, citizens would not even think twice about it, because they do not find anything wrong with it. Some humans find homosexuality as being so morally wrong that they protest it. Some even go to the extent of making threats. Many cases or attacks and threats against gays have been reported. â€Å"Violent attacks or harassment of sexual minorities and AIDS activists have been reported in nineteen countries since 1994. Severe police harassment has been reported in eighteen countries† (Love, Hate and the Law† 18-19). â€Å"In 2007 a survey showed that almost 60% of Russians thought homosexuality was unacceptable behavior and almost 25% said it should be criminalized. Lenoid Nikshich said, â€Å"It’s forbidden to propagandize any sin, such as homosexuality and murder. I think homosexuals need to be treated by a doctor† (Gee). â€Å"In may 2007, gay marchers were attacked by members of the Union Of Orthodox Standard-Bearers. The members broke up the parade by throwing eggs at them. Moscow police arrested the gay rights paraders instead of the people who throw things at them. The police officer just let the attackers walk free. Also, taxi drivers have been known to beat and rob pa ssengers picked up outside Moscow gay clubs. Oleg Khrolov said Russia is no worse than the U.S. If homophobia is defined as coming out of the clubs and being beaten it is the same everywhere (Gee). Some countries are worse. â€Å"They even go as far as to kill gays. Out of fear, 2% of women and 4% of men exclusively live as homosexuals. China kills gays and lesbians due to heoliganism laws. Brazil is much worse. They hold the record for murder of sexual minorities. 16,000 gays died between 1980 and 1997. Only 5% of the killers actually went to trial. The other 95% got away with murder†(â€Å"Love, Hate, and the Law†). Now, the District of Columbia and 47 states have anti-hate laws. Also, last year, the Congress passed the Matthew Sheppard Act, which outlaw hate crimes, but it was never approved by Bush (â€Å"11 Facts About Gay Rights’). Homosexuals still deal with threats and attacks in some places because of this, but other issues are way more important to th em today. Marriage and adoption have been two of the biggest, of many, issues on many homosexuals minds. â€Å"In November Proposition 8 was passes banning same-sex marriage in many states. Some states issue marriage licenses, but the laws are very strict† (â€Å"11 Facts About Gay Rights†). â€Å"Supporters of Proposition 8 want to institutionalize homophobia. They want to say homosexuals do not deserve the same status as heterosexuals. Proposition 8 does not interfere with gays living the lifestyles they chose. All it does is prevent gays from redefining marriage for everyone. It protects children from being taught in public schools that same sex marriage is the same as traditional marriage† (Stafford). â€Å"The California’s state attorney argued that there was a long history of marriage being between a man and a woman and that it should therefore remain that way†. Some say if a man lies with a male as a woman, both of them have committed an abomination an d shall be put to death† (â€Å"Love, Hate, and the Law†). Some people still find this wrong. â€Å"Calling same-sex and opposite sex couples by different names made gay couples feel as though they were second class citizens. In the court’s view, banning or classifying same-sex marriage was discrimination† (Ewers). This is why same-sex marriage is legal in some states. â€Å"Same sex marriages can be made official by anyone, but the ceremony involves no civil law and carries no legal benefits or responsibilities. Some states allow Domestic Partnership Registration. The couple goes on file as a non-married couple to establish legal responsibilities for debt after the end of a relationship† (â€Å"Gay Rights†). â€Å"Denmark was the first to introduce registered partnership for gay couples in 1989, while Dutch legalized same-sex marriage in 2001† (Graff 40). â€Å"California and Massachusetts are the only states where gay and lesbian couples can legally marry.† Massachusetts legalized same sex marriage in 2004, but only applied to that state’s residents. California’s will apply to anyone who visit’s the state. They have no residency restrictions on marriage licenses† (Ewers). â€Å"In November, Connecticut became the third state to ever issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples, a month after the states supreme court ruled the gays and lesbians have the right to marry under the state constitution. â€Å"However, banning same-sex marriage passed in Arizona and Florida bringing the told number of states with constitutional amendments banning gay marriage to 30† (Ewers). Most people believe gay marriage goes against religion. Roman Catholic faith see homosexuality as a sin and marriage should be between a man and a woman. However, most Christians think homosexuals should be able to get married. Polls show that 60% of them support gay marriage and 250,000 couples are waiting for the new law (Graff 40). â€Å"More than 40% of the money donated to defeat the same-sex marriage initiative came from individuals associated with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. A church spokesperson has condemned the protest as discriminatory. Not everything we do is approved by the Bible, so why strictly enforce the no gay marriage law? (Ruggeri 29). â€Å"While three states have laws that effectively ban gay couples from adopting, twelve others allow same-sex couples to adopt. That Leaves thirty-five states where couples can not be sure how likely it is that an adoption petition may pass. According to a 1977 state law, homosexuality prohibits a person from adopting in Florida. While Florida allows gay individuals to become foster parents, it is the only state to explicitly ban them from adopting. Mississippi also bans same-sex couples from adopting. Utah prohibits both adopting and fostering by unmarried couples, including gays, who live together. Arkansas got the 61,797 signatures needed to create an adoption law like Utah’s. In Michigan, courts tend to be conservative, which means they are very unlikely to allow adoption for gay couples. â€Å"19 states allow gay and lesbian couples to adopt children in a complex two -step process, in which one parent first adopts and then the second competition for joint rights† (â€Å"Gay Rights†). The only place that gay couples are for sure able to adopt are in other countries. â€Å"Same-sex couples have been allowed to adopt children in South Africa, Australia, Belgium, Netherlands, Britain and Canada† (â€Å"Love, Hate, and the Law†). â€Å"Italy bans donor sperm, donor eggs, and surrogate mothers which homosexuals could used to have children and only allow assisted fertility treatment to stable heterosexual couples† (Graff 40). Although it seems impossible, some gays can adopt. Gay individuals have an easier time adopting because most courts treat the issue differently for singles versus couples. Some people see gay adoption as another way to give homeless children or foster children a home. If more gay couples could adopt, more children would have loving families. Fewer children would be left in orphanages. Some courts say no credible evidence shows having a gay parent harms children, but no matter what, someone will always have a different view, so it will be a never ending battle homosexuals will fight† (Ruggeri 24). Although marriage and adoption are still being fought, homosexuals have gained many rights along the way. Many laws have been passed to keep gays from being discriminated by cops and others. Many reports of cops abusing gays have been noticed, but never reported. They were hidden. Some homosexuals have reported or told others that they were beaten by a cop, and could not do anything about it. When taken to court, the cop lied and the judge took his side. For many years this went on. â€Å"It was not until November 2007 that discrimination against sexual orientation was barred† (â€Å"11 Facts About Gay Rights†). In 2003 a legislation was also signed that protected homosexuals state wide from verbal harassment and hate crimes. People in Canada who express hate against gays should be aware because they could end up in jail as a prisoner of conscience† (Leisham 6). Now there are many laws and rights being offered to homosexuals. They are protected from discrimination and hatred everywhere. A set of rules, called the â€Å"Gay Bill of Rights:, was created to further extend these protections. Some of the rules are as follows: â€Å"Private consensual sex between persons over the age of consent shall not be an offense.† â€Å"A person’s sexual orientation or practice shall not be a factor in the granting or renewing of federal security clearness or visas, or in the granting of citizenship.† â€Å"A person’s sexual orientation or practice shall not affect his eligibility for employment with federal, state, or local governments, or private employers.† â€Å"The police department nor any government can keep files for the purpose of identifying homosexuals.† â€Å"No government agency shall use the classification of homosexuality as an alleged illness to limit the freedom , rights, or privileges of an indivi dual† (Andryszewski 12-13). These are not the only rights included, but a few. Most rights just protect gays gains discrimination and harassment. Yes, they are very important, but what about the many other rights they are denied? We focus on the little stuff and overlook the bigger and more important things. Marriage and adoption are still being worked on, but not enough is being done. We need to do more. People do not realize how much homosexuals are missing out on. Homosexuals everywhere are being denied marriage to the love of their life. Men and women everywhere are getting married and living happy lives. It is not right to the man-man and woman-woman couples. What is the difference? Shouldn’t everyone be happy? Homosexuals cannot help whom they fall in love with, and we should acknowledge this. It is said that everyone has a soul mate pre-chosen by God. If it was intended for a man to be with a man or a woman with a woman, then so be it. Homosexual couples are not hurting anyone or affecting the marriage rights of heterosexual couples. Yes, it is something most are not used to, but everyone should be happy. We cannot discriminate toward color or race, so why should we be able to discriminate against sexuality. If homosexuals gained the right to marry, it would also make it easier for them to adopt as well. Most agencies prefer to adopt children to couples, If gays could marry, more couples would be available to create more homes for foster children. It would also give them the family they have always wanted. Allowing gay marriage would eliminate many problems we have today and make many people happy. It is just something we need to get used to . Although not all gay right issues have been eliminated, we are getting closer and closer every year. More and more support groups are being created. Still problems occur. Discrimination may be against the law, but it still happens. Laws are still eliminating the problems. Not all states allow adoption or marriage, but it is a start. Gays may have rights, but it is not enough. We still need to continue fighting. Homosexuals should receive 100% of the benefits heterosexuals do. It would only be fair. Homosexuals are not giving up on the fight, no matter how hard it gets, and heterosexuals are slowly realizing it is not so bad. People believe that the ongoing gay rights fight will continue for years to come. Some say we just need to give up or deal with what we got. These people are wrong. In the last 10 years alone, gays have achieved so much and gained many rights. If they give up now, they would have done so much for nothing. Homosexuals just need to continue fighting for a little but longer, and will most likely receive the results they want. Research Papers on Gay RightsTrailblazing by Eric AndersonStandardized TestingHip-Hop is ArtPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XThe Spring and AutumnHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayCapital Punishment19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

Definition and Examples of Cue Phrases in English

Definition and Examples of Cue Phrases in English A connective expression (such as now, meanwhile, anyway, or on the other hand) that links spans of discourse and signals semantic relations in a text. Examples and Observations Within a discourse segment, the discourse coherence relations among the situations are often implicit and involve such notions as cause, consequence, claim, reason, argument, elaboration, enumeration, before, and after. . . . On the other hand, many transitions within a discourse structure, especially changes and transitions from one segment to another, are often made overt through the use of clue word or cue phrase expressions that provide information at the discourse level. These expressions include incidentally, for example, anyway, by the way, furthermore, first, second, then, now, thus, moreover, therefore, hence, lastly, finally, in summary, and on the other hand.(James E. Hoard, Linguistics and Natural Language Processing. Using Computers in Linguistics: A Practical Guide, ed. by John Lawler and Helen Aristar Dry. Routledge, 1998)Once upon a time, there was this boy, and he knew this beautiful woman. Its not you, though. Well, the beautiful woman tells this boy that she has th is secret wish, and her wish is that she wants this guy to really like her. So, anyway, the boy makes this huge, personal sacrifice and he gives his wish away.(Paul Reubens as Pee-Wee Herman, The Pee-Wee Herman Show, 1981) Yeah, well, House is straightforward, brilliant and an ass. . . . Whereas you, on the other hand, have a perfect score. You are responsible, nice, human. And yet, youre Houses best friend.(Mira Sorvino as Dr. Kate Milton in Frozen. House M.D., 2008)My mom adopted [Titembay] from Sally Struthers, like, years ago. You know, one of those for the cost of a cup of coffee a day sort of things. Where shes like, How can you just sit there and not help the children? And we couldnt. We couldnt just sit there and not help the children. So we started sending him pictures and letters and stuff for years, but then I got really into ice skating so we sort of forgot about him. Then one day we get this phone call and its Titembay and hes at the dry cleaners around the corner.(Natalie Portman as Sam in Garden State, 2004)[I]n natural language the connections between enunciations . . . can be signaled by morphemes, that is, cue phrases. Cue phrases express abstract concepts in themselves, that is, they express the concept corresponding to the specific relation that they signify. For instance, the cue phrase because between the enunciations I missed the bus and I left home late expresses a concept of causality, that is, the coherence relation holding between the two spans of text. Obviously, the relation would hold and the concept of causality could still be inferred even if the construction was paratactic, that is, even if the cue phrase because was not there. However, the point is that natural language is capable of directly indicating an abstract concept like causality, entirely independently from the content of the related text spans.(Clara Mancini, Cinematic Hypertext. IOS Press, 2005) Also Known As: clue word

Business culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business culture - Research Paper Example USA and South Korea have maintained a very strong and supportive relation among each other since 1960. The multicultural relation among these two countries has started since the Korean War during the early fifties. During the Korean War US played a very vital role towards South Korea to give them the financial and political support towards the establishment of new developed nation. Since then South Korea has grown fast and it has reduced its dependency upon the United States of America. United States is one of the largest oversees trading partners of South Korea, In 1998 due to the dictatorship of the ruling party United Democratic Front and Combined Force Command (CFC), the relation among US and South Korea has faced some frictions which made South Korea to divert their way from US. However, in 2007 June South Korea and United States of America have signed a free trade agreement (FTA) which helped them to sustain the positive trade relation among the two countries. Business relation has become very strong among these two countries but if the focus is given thoroughly towards the nature of doing business and the socio-cultural differences between these two countries then, it can be seen that, the way of doing business in each of these countries are totally different. It is very important to understand the socio-economic structure of any country to do business or to set up a new industry. South Korea’s business culture is very much different than the US. South Korea is the fourth largest developed economy among the Asian countries, but it would be a big mistake to presume what worked for Japan, China or any other Asian Countries are same for South Korea. In other hand United Sates of American (USA) is a mixture of many races, cultures and religions, it is the best known cosmopolitan country in the world. The free mind and mixed cultural balance have made USA the powerful business

The Truman Doctrine and the Cold War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Truman Doctrine and the Cold War - Essay Example 346). It was in this time that the United Nations was formed, because the world was even more conflict-weary than it had been after the Great War, when Woodrow Wilson sought to create a League of Nations that would stop major disputes before they ever again became worldwide wars. However, even as workers were still picking up the rubble from the damage in Europe and Asia, the seeds of a new war between the United States and the Soviet Union, two erstwhile allies, were being planted: the Cold War. This was not a war that could ever really begin on a battlefield, because both of the combatants possessed the tactical ability to destroy the planet with nuclear bombs. And so, in many instances, the Cold War became a game to see how much one side would put up with from the other. Perhaps the most volatile moments of the Cold War occurred during the Presidency of John F. Kennedy, when the Soviet Union installed missiles on the island of Cuba, mere miles away from United States soil. The fifteen days of that crisis were as close as the two sides ever came to actual nuclear holocaust. The beginnings of this Cold War, in some ways, may be said to lie at the feet of the United States government. Even during World War II, the United States and Great Britain refused to let the Soviets join the project to create atomic weapons, which led Stalin to mistrust the other two Allies. At the end of the war, the United States stopped sending lend-lease aid far earlier than the Soviets liked, and refused to lend the Soviet government $6 billion for reconstruction, while at the same time lending Great Britain $3.75 billion for similar costs (Pollard, p. 27). The two sides also differed on the postwar fate of Eastern Europe: the Soviet Union, having been invaded twice in thirty years by German armies, wanted to create a buffer zone protecting it from further western invasions, and so it quickly cemented control over most of Eastern Europe, including the Soviet occupation zone of Germany. The Americans, in contrast, supported the Wilsonian idea of an "open world" filled with auto nomous, democratic nations. The Soviet grab for Eastern Europe immediately after World War II ended deeply offended American sensibilities (Bailey and Kennedy, p. 822). Stalin was in no way innocent in the beginnings of the Cold War. In 1946, he broke an agreement to remove Soviet troops from northern Iran. In early 1947, when Great Britain told the United States it could no longer assist the Greek government in keeping stability, and when the Turkish government seemed vulnerable to internal agitation, President Truman decided that a containment policy toward the Soviet Union would be best. In a speech to Congress on March 12, 1947, he asked for $400 million in aid to Greece and Turkey, to help keep their governments from collapsing, and to keep Communist influence from overtaking those two countries. In this speech, Truman hearkened back to World War II for support: One of the primary objectives of the foreign policy of the United States is the creation of conditions in which we and other nations will be able to work out a way of life free from coercion. This was a

An oral history of the zombie war Essay Example for Free

An oral history of the zombie war Essay Though perhaps not as â€Å"academic† as the other sources in this bibliography, the oral history of the zombie war is an important side note to the whole genre. In Brooks’ book, there are several moments, while recounting the battles with the zombies, where they are told from the point of view of the liberators. In fact, in his story, he coins the phrase â€Å"LAMOE† which stands â€Å"Last men on earth†. These individuals, much like the character played by Will Smith, had been left behind, the infected zones to fend for themselves. Often, as the story is told, these people left behind, were not all too happy to be â€Å"liberated†, as they had conditioned themselves to the isolation of being, and believing they were the last â€Å"people† on earth. In this sense, the film version and incidentally the book, deal with these concepts from the point of view of the isolated; but, what if they were to be told from the point of view of the liberators? Campbell, Joseph. The Hero with a Thousand Faces Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1949. Joseph Campbell’s book, is an overview of legends and the masks our heroes wear. Both in the film version and the book version of I Am Legend, the Robert Neville character must go through various trials; which, ultimately in the film version, leads to his transformation from this plane of existence to another. (Mainly, by dying) The first trial, is simple isolation, which Campbell explicitly describes as one of the most common trails of mythology. Additionally, in the film, the main character exhibits a certain arrogance, which ultimately turns around on him. I. E the way he had caught the other zombie, the trick sort to speak, was used against him later in the movie. Giglioli, Palo Pier. Language and Social Context. New York: Penguin. 1972. It should be of note: the original book written by Matheson, had a lead character who was white; whereas the film version cast the lead character as black. Setting aside the box-office appeal of Will Smith for a moment, what were some of the other reasons for the change of race? Could the film be taken as an commentary of the plight of successful African-Americans, being isolated, though working desperately to help their friends, family and peer group? If the film is viewed in this light, one could most accurately argue that it is in fact a commentary on racial issues within a particular racial group. Hellekson, Karen Ph. D. The alternate history (Refiguring Historical Time). Kent: Kent State University Press, 2001. Through out her review of the alternate history genera of story telling, Karen Hellekson, makes not of the function of the story being told. If one were to apply her same method of criticism to the movie version of I AM Legend, we would find that it too is an alternate history. Obviously, fictions, the film I Am Legend, begins with the initial out-break, due to the cancer fighting drug. Although, this is told in a â€Å"present† narrative, the inclusion, of these scenes are to create an artificial history in the story’s time line. Matheson, Richard. I AM LEGEND London: Orion Books, 1954. Naturally, the movie version starring Will Smith is radically divergent from the original book published in 1954. An example of one such divergence, is in the role of the main character. In the original works, the main character, was a former Marine, whereas in the film version, he is a current Marine working with the CDC. Another divergence, which actually changes the nature of the title, is found at the ending of both the book and the film. In the film version, the main character becomes legendary, due to how he dies; whereas the book version, Robert Neville, is legendary due to him being the last non-infected â€Å"human† or in essence the last man on earth. Twain, Mark. â€Å"On the Damned Human Race† A collection of Essays Edited by Janet Smith. 1962. An argument could be made that both the film and the original fiction, had been a commentary on the human condition, the human race. Twin’s wit and insight into the social conditions apply aptly to both the film version and the book. The fact Robert Neville takes it upon himself to â€Å"cure† the world is manifestly anti-twian-ian. â€Å"it is the ghost, of fool-hardy chivalry† as Twain would say, about the lengths the character goes to rid the world of something, that it seems more than happy to live with.

United States Army’s Organizational Structure and Culture Essay

The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief analysis of the United States Army’s organizational structure and its culture and how these two elements impact its workers, associates and affiliates. This paper will first examine the Army’s history, development and structure to highlight the origins of the Army’s culture. Secondly, a brief history of the Army’s organizational development will be followed by a close examination of its philosophy and supporting beliefs. Lastly, this paper will discuss the role of the Army’s leadership, their response to critical issues and the organizational structure of the Army. An analysis of the army’s top leaders will help the reader to understand the Army culture more thoroughly in the context of the Army’s organizational structure. More specifically this section of the paper will examine the Army leadership’s response to the current geo-political environment and other related issues. In con clusion, this paper hopes to highlight the Army’s overall functioning from an organizational standpoint and emphasize that idea that the Army is like a functional corporation. This will be accomplished by addressing various key questions throughout this text. The U.S. Army Organizational Development Army History and development The Army’s history includes many unique global events such as World War I and II, the Vietnam War, the Korean conflict and most recently operations Desert Storm and Iraqi Freedom. An in depth study of these historical events is beyond the scope of this paper however, the origin of the Army is relevant in discussing the Army’s overall culture. According to David W. Hogan’s historical text Centuries of Service cited on the United States Army’s website the United States Army was born on 14 June 1775 (Hogan, 2004). Members of the early Army forces were largely volunteers drawn from local militias. In light of conflict with the British Army the Second Continental Congress recognized that a regular military force was necessary if the colonials were to have any hope of standing up to the British Army. On 14 June, Congress adopted the New England army besieging Boston as an American army and authorized the recruitment of soldiers from various colonial states to form the Continental Army. This emerging Continental Army provided the permanent nucleus of a force that would be supplemented by local militia units. ... ...er 11, 2009, from the Center of Military History website http://www.army.mil/cmh/reference/CSAList/list2.htm Hogan, D. (2004). Centuries of Service. Retrieved September 11, 2009, from the Center of Military History website http://www.army.mil/cmh/reference/CSAList/list1.htm http://www.train.army.mil). http://www.goarmy.com/about/ranks_insignia_officer.jsp http://www.goarmy.com/about/enlisted_soldiers_officers.jsp Kazin, M.. (2004, June 28).. U.S. News & World Report, 136 (23), p72. Retrieved September 11, 2009, from Academic Search Premier database. Lodi, S. (1998, November 26). Reflections on Army Culture. Retrieved September 11, 2009, Â  from http://defencejournal.com/jan99/reflection.htm Rumsfeld, D. (2004, September 10). Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld speaks about Iraq at the National Press Club in Washington. Retrieved September 11, 2009, from http://usinfo.state.gov/is/ Schrader. E. (2003, June 28). US push for global police force. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 11, 2009, from http://www.wsu.edu:8001/vcwsu/commons/topics/culture/culture-definitions/geertz-text.html http://www.prisonplanet.com/us_push_for_global_peace_force.html

Human rights in Pakistan Essay

Pakistan’s human rights situation is a complex one, as a result of the country’s diversity, large population, its status as a developing country and a sovereign, Islamic republic as well as an Islamic democracy with a mixture of both Islamic and colonial secular laws. The Constitution of Pakistan provides for fundamental rights, which include freedom of speech, freedom of thought, freedom of information, freedom of religion, freedom of association, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly and the right to bear arms. These clauses are generally respected in practice. Clauses also provide for an independent Supreme Court, separation of executive and judiciary, an independent judiciary, independent Human Rights commission and freedom of movement within the country and abroad. Although the government has enacted measures to counter any problems, abuses remain. Furthermore, courts suffer from lack of funds, outside intervention, and deep case backlogs that lead to long trial delays and lengthy pretrial detentions. Many observers inside and outside Pakistan contend that Pakistan’s legal code is largely concerned with crime, national security, and domestic tranquility and less with the protection of individual rights. In May 2012, President Asif Ali Zardari signed the National Commission for Human Rights Bill 2012 for the promotion and protection of human rights in the country. Read more:  Current Situation of Pakistan Essay Political abuse of human rights:- Provincial and local governments have arrested journalists and closed newspapers that report on matters perceived as socially offensive or critical of the government. Journalists also have been victims of violence and intimidation by various groups and individuals. In spite of these difficulties, the press publishes freely, although journalists often exercise self-restraint in their writing. The government often ignores abuses against children and religious minorities, and government institutions and some Muslim groups have persecuted non-Muslims and used some laws as the legal basis for doing so. The Blasphemy Law, for example, allows life imprisonment or the death penalty for contravening Islamic principles, but legislation was passed in October 2004 to counter misuse of the law. Furthermore, the social acceptance of many these problems hinders their eradication. One prominent example is honor killings (â€Å"karo kari†),  which are believed to have accounted for more than 4,000 deaths from 1998 to 2003[citation needed]. Many view this practice as indicative of a feudal mentality and falsely anathema to Islam, but others defend the practice as a means of punishing violators of cultural norms and view attempts to stop it to as an assault on cultural heritage. Pakistan’s military intelligence agency, Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), and the police have been accused of arresting and kidnapping political leaders who have demanded more autonomy or freedom from Pakistan. They have also been accused of arresting student activists and teachers protesting the exploitation of Pakistani government. Many human-rights activists in Pakistan have protested against force disappearances and kidnappings. Humanitarian response to conflict:- Violence in Pakistan and the Taliban conflict with the government have heightened humanitarian problems in Pakistan. Political and military interests have been prioritised over humanitarian considerations in their offensives against the Taliban, and issues likely to get worse as people are encouraged back home prematurely and face once again being victims of the insurgents. Displacement is a key problem and humanitarian organisations are failing to address the basic needs of people outside displacement camps, nor are they able to address issues such as the conduct of hostilities and the politicisation of the emergency response. Researchers at the Overseas Development Institute argue that aid agencies face dilemmas with engaging with the government, as this does not always produce the desired results and can conflict with their aim of promoting stability and maintaining a principled approach. A principled approach limits their ability to operate when the government emphasises political and security considerations. There were over 500,000 people displaced in 2008, mainly from the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) on the border with Afghanistan, and a further 1.4 million from Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa in May 2009. By mid-July 2009, Pakistan’s National Database and Registration Authority (NADRA) put the total of Internally Displaced People (IDPs) at just over 2m, while unofficial figures are as high as 3.5m.[4] Most of those displaced (up to 80%) were taken in by relatives, friends and even strangers – Pashtun communities in particular have displayed great efforts in assisting the displaced despite their own high levels of poverty. Still others use  schools, but only a small minority live in approximately 30 official camps, mainly in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.

Negotiating with Learners

Negotiating with learners, e. g. initial assessment, agreeing goals and actions Initial assessment is the beginning of a teacher/learner relationship, allowing the teacher to identify and discover learners with difficulties and disabilities if the learner is confident to talk about them. By recording this information, plans towards teaching can be made so every learner feels included and progress in their learning experience.The information will determine the learners starting point; the learners may already have skills and knowledge that relate to the subject taken, the teacher can also identify Literacy, Language, Numeracy and ICT that may be applicable. Assessment should not be something that is done to somebody. The learner must be involved and feel part of the process. Lesley Thom (2001 p13) All learners will want to achieve and have something to aim for. Learning goals can be negotiated and agreed.If working towards a qualification the awarding body or examining board will have a program in which to follow so the teacher will know what to teach and learner knowing what they will learn, from these targets and goals can be negotiated and agreed. Within the teacher/learner relationship, working together realistic goals and targets can be agreed and their progress assessed and recorded: Overall goals are long term which is the whole program. With aims and objectives/outcomes are usually established.Specific goals are short term which determines changes in the learner’s skills, knowledge understanding and attitudes. The learning process is effective and the goals clear and match the requirements of the learner. Immediate goals break down the specific goals into manageable tasks in the order that they are achieved. Ann Gravells & Susan Simpson (2008) Agreeing targets should be SMART (Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time bound) www. ifl. co. k Learners should be encouraged to take charge of their goals and learning journey, this enables l earners to become independent. When goals are set and assessed they should be recorded, all information that is recorded should be part of a plan-ILP (individual learning plan) Learning targets should be both verbal and written to ensure the learner has understood fully, learners should know their own strengths and where they can develop improvements to their skills. When setting targets, regular tutorials and review sessions and keeping the ILP up to date with learners.

Jackie Robinson essays

Jackie Robinson essays In 1947 Jackie Robinson was signed by the Brooklyn Dodgers and was the first black to do so. Before that there were separate leagues. Segregation was a big issue and Jackie made it even bigger by calling for it to stop and letting every one have a chance to show their talent. He led the path for a less difficult life for blacks, but that path had hate, misery, and pain as obstacles and only a special person like Robinson could overcome those obstacles. Jack Roosevelt Robinson was born on January 31, 1919, in a small farmhouse near Cairo, Georgia. He had a tough up bringing and did not have good housing. "Jackie and his family lived on a white owned farm and his father worked on the farm"(Falkner 22). Jackie did not have a clear path to the right future. "The overriding reality of Robinson's early years was that, for black youth, the future was closed. Simple as that. It didn't take sociologist or a Jim Crow sign to tell him that schools, jobs, opportunities, careers were severely limited"(Falkner 28). Jackie had his eyes opened to prejudice at a very young age. "Everyday prejudice was Robinson's silent companion wherever he went, to and from school, to the neighborhood parks, to the segregated movie theaters, to the curbside markets where the Bond- Bread truck, the vegetable truck, the milk truck, sold their wares because most local food merchants refused to welcome nonwhites in their stores" (Falkner 30). Jackie grew up in the e ra of segregation. "During the period of segregation in the United States racial controversies were, of course, serious issues that often held deadly consequences. Lynchings were common. And each time blacks attempted to expand their limited citizenship, the response was usually accompanied with violence"(Dorinson 159). For Jackie to take all the horrible injustices that he saw an had done to him is an extraordinary sign of what kind of man Jackie was. When Jackie was young he and his friends used to s ...

Chad Essays - Chad, Republics, Idriss Dby, NDjamena, Outline Of Chad

County Report Chad is one of the most underdeveloped countries in the world because of its climate, geographic location, and a lack of infrastructure and natural resources. It's main cash crop that is helping it's economy is cotton, which accounts for 48% of exports.1 The industry of Chad is mainly based on processing agricultural products. It is run by a republican government and it's legal system is based on French civil law system and Chadian customary law. The recent president is Idriss Deby and head of government is Prime Minister Joseph Yodoyman Chad had gained its independence from France on August 11, 1960. Its national holiday is held on the same day every year. The geography of Chad is mostly pastures and meadows. Chad is located in Central Africa and is between the Central African Republic and Libya. The total area is 1,259,200 km2, and the land area is 1,259,200 km2.2 The total size in area of Chad is slightly more than three times the size of California. The land boundaries of Chad are; Cameroon (1,094 km), Central African Republic (1,197 km), Libya (1,055 km), Niger (1,175 km), Nigeria (87 km), and Sudan (1,360 km).3 All of these countries total to 5,968 km. Chad is landlocked which has no coastline. It has no marital claims. The disputes between Chad and other countries is that Libya claims and occupies the 100,000 km2 Aozou Strip in the far north. The year around climate is tropical in the south, and desert in the north. The terrain is broad, arid plains in the center, desert in the north, lowlands in the south and mountains in the northwest. The natural resources are petroleum, uranium, natron, kaolin, and fish. The land use consists of arable land (2%), permanent crops (0%), meadows and pastures (36%), forest and woodland (11%), and other (51%).4 The irrigated land used is 100km2. Its environment is hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds occur in the north, drought and desertification affecting much of the south, and subject to plagues of locusts. The people of Chad rely on agriculture for survival. The total population is 5,350,971 people. The growth rate of the population is 2.13%. The birth rate is 42.21 births / 1,000 population. The death rate is 20.93 deaths / 1,000 population. The migration rate is 0% migrants / 1,000 population. Chad's death at infancy is at a great risk at 134 deaths / 1,000 live births. For infants the expectancy rate at birth is 40.41 years. The rate for males is 39.36 years and the rate for females is 41.5 years. Total fertility rate is 5.33 children born/women. The people of Chad are Chadian in nationality. The ethnic divisions in the north are Muslim (Arabs. Toubou, Hadjerai, Fulbe, Kotoko, Kanembou, Baguirmi, Boulala, Zaghawa, and Maba). In the south are non-Muslims (Sara, Ngambaye, Mbaye, Goulaye, Moundang, Moussei, Massa). The religions of Chad are Muslim (44%), Christian (33%), indigenous beliefs, and animism (23%). The common spoken languages in Chad are Sara (spoken in south), Sango (spoken in north). The official languages of Chad are French and Arabic. There are over 100 different languages and dialects spoken in Chad. The literacy rate is at age 15 and over people can read and write French or Arabic. The total population of literacy is 30%. 42% for males and 18% for females. Chad has a republican government. The capital of Chad is N'djamena. It's administrative divisions are 14 prefectures (prefectures, singular - prefecture); Batha, Biltine, Borkou-Ennedi-Tibesti, Chari-Baguirmi, Guera, Kanem, Lac, Logone Occidental, Logone Oriental, Mayo-Kebbi, Moyen-Chari, Ouaddai, Salamat, and Tandjile. Chad had gained its independence on August 11, 1960, from France. They had gained their constitution on December 22, 1989. Chad's legal system is based on French civil law system and Chadian customary law, it has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction. The national holiday is held on the 11th of August. The political parties and leaders of Chad are the Patriotic Salvation Movement, Idriss Deby, and chairman. There are no other political party or pressure groups. Elections were last held on July 8, 1990 and disbanded on December 3, 1990. The Executive branch in Chad's government consists of the president and the Council of State (cabinet). The Legislative branch cons ists of unicameral National

Physical Assesment Case Study # 2 Research Paper

Physical Assesment Case Study # 2 - Research Paper Example For instance; diabetes can be detected first through an eye examination (Lavine, 2001). Before admission of the patient, it is important to present a comprehensive document containing the history and exam findings of the patient. Additionally, a medical plan should be outlined in addressing the issue which led to hospital visit by the patient. In the document, the information should be arranged in a logical order. The data that has immediate relevant information about the patient’s conditions should be given priority. This information is important to the medical service providers that are going to attend to this particular patient. Finally, this document is crucial for medical purposes (Blanco et al., 2002). Jessica, 32 years lady, has experienced a decrease of vision in her left eye. The condition started this morning and it has worsened progressively over the past few hours. In the past, a month ago, she had blurring of her vision. She has been experiencing some pain when trying to move her eye. When the eye is rested there is no such pain. She also has problem of determining colors. The condition just came and it was not triggered by exposure to chemicals. The eyes do not show any sign of redness or tearing. In her argument, she thinks that past condition is related to the present condition. Additionally, she has observed that the problem might be related to overheating since the vision improved when she went to a cool air condition environment. She has always been physically healthy. It is only in her childhood that at 10 years she had chickenpox. She also had tonsillectomy at age 11. She has never been hospitalized in the past. It has also been noted that her father had coronary artery disease and her mother suffered from hypertension. Currently she has no other medical problems. In the area of education and career; she is a trained mathematics teacher at undergraduate